Power-driven machinery.



No. 739,005. PATENTED SEPT. 15, 1903.

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POWER DRIVEN MACHINERY.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 16, 1903.

N0 MODEL. 1 5 SHEETSSHEET 1.

I Witnesses: 'IfivEmtuF Dugahj 'E-LJEBKEEITL W 151 AELUPHEHE N0. 739PATBNI'ED SEPT. 15, 1903. 1). on. JACKSON.

. POWER DRIVEN MACHINERY.-

APPLI OATIO'N; FILED FEB. 16. 1903.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

' R0 MODEL.

Witnesses.- Inventur .Uugalcl U. JacKsn Atturne 5 No. 739,005. PATENTEDSEPT. 15, 1903.

' D. C. JACKSON.

POWER DRIVEN MACHINERY.

APPLICATION FILED FEB 16. 1903.

H0 MODEL. -5 SHEETB-SHEET 3.

WitTlEEEESr lnventnr Ilugald E. JEBKEEITI Attnrneqs;

THE uoa'ms PETERS no. Pno'ro-umq. WASHIMMON. n. a.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

PATENTED SEPT. 15, 1908.

\ APPLIUA'IION FILED FEB. 16. 1903.

1). 0. JACKSON. I POWER DRIVEN MACHINERY.

N0 MODEL.

. It EEE E Q c. mi wams PETERS cu PMoTo-umm wAsmuuwu. o a

Nb. 739,005. PATEN TED SEPT. 15, 1903.

-D. 0. JACKSON. POWER DRIVEN MACHINERY.

APPLIOATIQN'FILED FEB. 16, 1903. I

NO MODEL.

5 sums-sham 5 WIIUESEES: Emil-um Du aid Edam x5011 (LL/36 4M. [WWWAtturneg UNITED STATES Patented September 15, 1903. I

DUGALD C. JACKSON, OF MADISON, WISCONSIN.

POWER-DRIVEN MACHINERY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 739,005,

dated September 1 5, 1903.

Application filed February 16, 1903. Serial No. 143,503 (No model.)

My invention relates to power-driven machinery and to the operationthereof, and particularly to that class-of machinery which re- 1 quiresreversal in direction of some moving member. This reversal in directionof motion may be mechanically accomplished-as, for example, byautomatically throwing into and out of engagement forward or reverseclutches by means well known to those skilled in the art.

The object of my invention is to electrically accomplish this reversalof direction,and preferably by the employment of reversing-motors,makingmyinvention particularly adaptable in establishments where themultipleunit system of electric-power transmission is employed.

By means of my invention I am enabled to accomplish a reversal indirection of motion much more flexibly and gently and with less strainto operative parts than is possible where mechanical devices areemployed.

As a planer offers one of the best examples of machines employing areversing member, for the sake of illustration I have shown as appliedto such machine my invention, which will be more clearly explained byreference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 shows a motorin driving connection with a planer. Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view ofdevices and circuits employed in accordance with my invention, thedriving-motor being of the simple direct-current shuntwound type and atrest. Fig. 3 shows the switch in reverse position, the motor being inmotion. Fig. 4 shows a modification, the motorbeing of thealternating-current-induction type. Fig. 5 shows another modification,the motor being of the alternating-current type.

Like characters of reference indicate like parts throughout the severalfigures.

In Fig. 1 I have shown dogs 1 and 2 adjustably attached to theplaner-bed 3 of a planer and arranged to come in contact with and toreciprocate an actuating-bar 4, adapted to slide in Ways 5 5. A pin 6,rigidly connected to actuating-bar 4, engages prongs 7 '7 of thefork-shaped extremity of a switch-arm.

8, carrying blades 9 10.insulated therefrom, said arm 8 being pivoted at11 and adapted to oscillate about said pivot 11 when actuating-bar 4ismoved in a lateral direction, thus causing switch-blades 9 10 to engageand shortcircuit switch-contacts 12 13 and 14 15, respectively, or, in areverse position, 16 17 and 18 19, respectively. These switch-blades andcontacts,with the necessary connections, form a reversing-switch to theterminals of driving-motor 20. I preferably also employ a startingresistance 26, preferably adapted to be automatically and graduallycutout of the motorcircuit. To accomplish this, I preferably terminatethe lower extremity of the switch-arm Sin a cam 28, so shaped that uponoscillation of arm 8 said cam is adapted to so engage one end 29 ofalever 30 that a contact 31 on a rheostat-arm 27, rigidly attached at thefulcrum of said lever30, will be allowed to travel over the terminals ofresistance 26. Lever 30 and rheostat-arm 27 may move under theactuationof a spring 32, controlled by a dash-pot 33, as shown, or byother wellknown devices.

To start the machine, it is only necessary for the operator to move theactuating-bar 4,

and with it the switch-arm 8, far enough to bring the switch-arm to theforward position, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 3. At the instant theswitch closes cam 28 will be so disposed as to allow end 29 of lever 30to travel along the face thereof, thus permitting contact 31 tosuccessively and gradually engage the various resistance terminals,thereby cutting resistance out of the armature-circuit and permittingarmature 21 to start without an injurious or undue flow of current,especially when the direction of rotation is to be reversed. Thedash-pot 33 and spring 32 may be adjustable, so that the rate ofaccelleration of the motor-may be controllable.

With the switching device in forward posi- ICO rents from positivesupply-main a will fiow as follows: from supply-main a through conductorc, conductor cl, contact 16, conductor 6,

contact 12, switch-blade 0, contact 13, conductor f to the terminal a:of armature 21 through said armature, conductor g, contact 14,switch-blade 10, contact 15, conductor h, contact 19, conductor 7;,resistance 26, conductorj back to the negative supply-main Z). At thesame time current will flow from main 0!. through the conductor 0,contact 23, switchblade 22, contact 24, conductor 70, field-winding 25and back through conductorj to main 1). Motor 20 and the planer-bed 3driven thereby thus move in a forward direction. At the end of theforward stroke of the planerbed 3 dog 1 and actuating-bar 4 will beinrelative position, (shown in Fig. 1,) and switcharm 8 will be in acorresponding position. (Shown in full lines in Fig. 3.) Current willnow flow as follows: from the positive main a through conductor 0,conductor cl, contact 16, blade 9, contact 17, conductor 1, contact 14,conductor 9 to the terminal y of armature 21, and back throughconductorf, contact 13, conductor m, contact 18, blade 10, contact 15),conductor 2', resistance 26, and through con ductorj to negative main7). At the same time current will flow from main a through conductor 0,contact 23, resistance 34, (hereinafter mentioned,) contact 24,conductor 7c, field-winding 25, and back through conductor 7' tonegative main 1). The motor and planerbed 3 will thus run in a reversedirection. At the end of the reverse stroke dog 2 will engage bar 4 topull the switch-arm 8 back to the forward dotted position. Thus a verysimple and efficient controlling means is pro- Vided for reversingdirection of travel in machines of the class mentioned.

It is often desirable in machines of the class referred to to operate atdifferent rates of speed, respectively, on the forward and returnstrokes, the return stroke commonly being at a higher speed. For thispurpose I preferablyemployan additional switch-blade 22 andswitch-terminals 23 24, to be engaged and short-circuited by saidswitch-blade. I preferably connect across terminals 23 24 an additionalfield resistance 34, adapted to be directly included in the circuit withthe fieldwinding 25. Thus when switch-arm 8 is in the forward positionthis additional resistance is sh ort-circuited by the switch-blade 22and the driving-motor runs at a slow working speed. With the switch-armin the reverse position the blade 22 is withdrawn, the resistancebecomes effective, and the motor runs at an increased reverse speed.

Figs. 2 and 3 show the field-switch connected with a direct-currentshunt-wound machine. \Vhen the motor is a directcnrrent series-woundmachine, the field-switch may be arranged to shunt a portion of thefield-windings, thus diverting the current therefrom. In this case themotor will operate at its lower speed with the field-switch open and atits higher speed with the fieldswitch closed.

Since the ratio of the forward to the reverse speed may be considerable,(in modern practice with large planet's being as great as one to four)the necessary weakening of the motor field which is required to gain thehigher speed is likely to produce sparking unless means for preventionare applied. NVith the arrangement which I describe it is there-- oneset causing an alternate reversal of current flow through thefield-winding of the motor, thereby to reverse the direction ofrotation, and other sets alternately changing the number of poles in thefield-winding to thus effect a difference between the forward andreverse speeds. As shown in Fig. 4, the number of poles is alternatelychanged from two to four, although other ratios may be employed. Ipreferably also employ a lever 30, supporting two arms 36 and 37,operated as hereinbefore described, said arms carrying contacts 38 and39, adapted to travel over the terminals of resistances 40 and 41,resistance 41 being adapted for inclusion in the main field-circuit andresistance 41 being preferably adapted to be connected in circuit withthe brushes. Upon the operation of lever 30 motor 35 is graduallystarted and the speed gradually increased.

Instead of using resistance as a controlling means when analternating-current motor is employed an autotransformer may beintroduced into the primary circuit of the motor. In Fig. 5 I have shownan alternating-current motor 42 employed as a driving means and also thenecessary reversing-switch mechanism, which should preferably bearranged to reverse a pairof conductorsas, for instance, conductors nand 0, leading to the field-winding of motor 42. A lever 30, operated ashereinbefore described, supports an arm 43, carrying blades 44, .45, and46, adaptedto travel over terminal buttons 47, whereby upon theoperation of lever 30 an autotransformer 48 is gradually introduced intothe primary circuit to motor 42, whereby said motor is gradually startedand brought to full speed.

A means similar to that described in connec tion with Fig. 4 may beemployed to establish a ratio of forward to reverse speed.

Although in Fig. 4 I have shown the field and the armature-windingsconnected in independent branches of the main circuit, it is evidentthat they may also be connected in series relation.

I have thus described my invention, but do not wish to be limited to theprecise construction and arrangement as herein shown, as modificationsmay readily be made without departing from the spirit of the invention,and

I therefore claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. Inelectric-motor-driven machinery, the combination with a moving memberthereof, of means controlled by the position of said member whereby theelectric motor driving said machinery is controlled to alternate thedirection of motion of said moving member,

and means whereby the forward and reverse speeds of said motor may becaused to difier from each other, substantially as described.

2. In electric-motor-driven machinery, the combination with a movingmember thereof, of switching means adapted to be controlled by theposition of said member whereby the electric motor driving saidmachinery is controlled to alternate the direction of motion. of saidmoving member, and means whereby the forward and reverse speeds of saidmotor and said member may be caused to difier from each other,substantially as described.

3. In electric-motor-driven machinery, the

combination with a moving member thereof,

of switching means, the operation of said switching means beingcontrolled by the position of said member to change the connections ofsaid motor to alternate the direction of rotation thereof, and to varythe resistance of the field-circuit of said motor, thereby to cause adifference between the forward and reverse speeds of said motor and saidmember, substantially as described.

4. In combination, an electric motor, machinery driven thereby, a movingmember of said machinery, switching means controlled and operated by themotion of said member alternately to reverse the direction of asupply-current through the armature of said motor and alternately toincrease and decrease the resistance of the field-circuit of said motorto cause a diiference between the'forward and'reverse speeds of saidmotor and of said member, substantially as described.

5. In combination, an electric motor, machinery driven thereby, a movingmember of said machinery, means controlled by the position of saidmember whereby the electric driving-motor is gradually connected into asupply-circuit, and means whereby said motor is controlled to alternatethe direction of motion of said moving member, substantially asdescribed.

6. In combination, an electric motor, machinery driven thereby, a movingmember of said machinery, and means controlled by the position of saidmember whereby the electric driving-motor is gradually connected into asupply-circuit, whereby said motor is controlled to alternate thedirection of motion of said moving member, and whereby the forward andreverse speeds may be caused to differ from each other, substantially'asdescribed.

7. In combination, an electric motor, machinery driven thereby, a movingmember'of said machinery, switch-blades, and switchterminals suitablyconnected to a current-supply source and to the electric driving-motor,said blades being adapted to be controlled by the position of saidmoving member to engage said switch-terminals to change the electricalconnections thereby to alternate the direction of motion of said motorand said member and to cause a difference between the forward andreverse speeds of said motor, substantially as described.

8. In combination, an electric motor, machinery driven thereby, a movingmember of said machinery, a switch-arm, switch-blades,

and switch-terminals suitably connected to a current supply circuit andto said motor, said arm being adapted to be operated by the position ofsaid member to carry said blades to engage said switch-terminals toreverse the direction of current therethrough, whereby the direction ofmotion of said motor and said moving member may be alternated, and ofcontrolling means operatively associated with said member whereby saidmotor may be gradually connected into said supply-circuit, substantiallyas described.

9. In combination, an electric motor, machinery driven thereby, a movingmember of said machinery, a switch-arm, switch-blades, andswitch-terminals suitably connected to a current-supply circuit and tosaid motor, said arm being adapted to be operated by the position ofsaid member tocarry said blades to engage said switch-terminals toreverse the direction of current therethrough, whereby the direction ofmotion of said motor and said moving member may be alternated, ofcontrolling means operati-vely associated with .said switch-arm wherebysaid motor may be gradually connected into said supply-circuit, and offurther means operatively associated with said switch-arm whereby theforward and reverse speeds may be caused to differ from each other,substantially as described. 10. In combination, an electric motor,machinery driven thereby, a moving member of said machinery, switch armand' switchblades, said arm being adapted to be operated by said memberto carry said blades to alternately engage two sets of switch-terminalssuitably connected to a current-supply source and to the electricdriving-motor whereby to change connections of said motor to alternatethe direction of motion thereof and of said moving member, and wherebyresistance may alternately be cut out of and into the fieldcircuitthereby to cause the forward and reverse speeds to be different fromeach other, substantially as described.

11. In combination, an electric motor, machinery driven thereby, amoving member of said machinery, switch mechanism controlled by theposition of said member to govern the operative condition of said motor,cam mechanism also controlled by the position of said member, rheostatmechanism cooperating with said cam mechanism, and means whereby saidrheostat mechanism may be controlled to gradually start said motor,substantially as described.

12. In combination, an electric motor, machinery driven thereby, amoving member of said machinery, a switch-arm controlled by the positionof said moving member to engage switch-terminals whereby to control theoperative condition of said motor, cam mechanism controlled by theposition of said member,and rheostat mechanism cooperating with said cammechanism and governed thereby to cause current to be gradually suppliedto said motor, substantially as described.

13. In combination, an electric motor, machinery driven thereby, amoving member of said machinery, a switch-arm controlled by the positionof said moving member to engage switch-terminals whereby to control theoperative condition of said motor, cam mechanism associated With saidswitch-arm, a rheostat resistance, a rheostatlever, the actuation ofsaid lever being controlled by the position of said cam mechanism, andmeans whereby said rheostat-lever may be actuated to gradually out saidresistance out of circuit thereby to allow current to be graduallysupplied to ber, reverse mechanism controlled by said said motor,substantially as described.

14. In combination, an electric motor, machinery driven thereby, amoving member of said machinery, a switch-arm controlled by the positionof said moving member to engage,

switch-terminals whereby to control the operative condition of saidmotor, cam mechanism associated with said switch-arm, a rheo statresistance, a rheostat-le ver, the actuation of said lever beingcontrolled by the position of said cam mechanism, means for actuatingsaid lever to engage said resistance, andmeans whereby the motion ofsaid lever may.

be retarded whereby said resistance is gradually cut out of circuitthereby to allow current to be gradually supplied to said motor,substantially as described.

15. In combination, an electric motor, machinery driven thereby, amoving member of said machinery, switch mechanism controlled by theposition of said member to govern the operative condition of said motor,cam mechanism also controlled by the position of said member, rheostatmechanism cooperating with said cam mechanism, spring mech 1 anism foractuating said rheostat mechanism,

and dash-pot mechanism whereby the actuation of said rheostat mechanismmay be retarded to gradually start said motor, substantially asdescribed.

16. In a device of the class described, the combination with a movingmember,ofswitching means adapted to be controlled by the position ofsaid member, an electric motor for driving said moving member, meanscontrolled by said switching means for causing reciprocation of saidmoving member, and means whereby said electric motor is graduallyconnected with a supply-circuit, substantially as described.

17. In a device of the class described, the combination with a movingmember,ofswitching mechanism adapted to be controlled by the position ofsaid member, an electric motor for driving said moving member, reversingmechanism controlled by said switching mechanism for causing areciprocation of said moving member, and means whereby the electricmotor is gradually connected with a supply-circuit.

18. In a device of the class described, the combination with a movingmember thereof, of switching means adapted to be controlled by theposition of said member, an electric motor for driving said member,means controlled by said switching means for causinga reciprocation ofsaid moving member, and means for causing the forward and reverse speedsto differ from each other, substantially as described.

19. In a device of the class described, the combination with a movingmember thereof, of switching mechanism adapted to be controlled by theposition of said member, an

electric motor for driving said moving memswitching mechanism forcausing a reciprocation of said moving member, and means for causing theforward and reverse speeds of said motor to differ from each other,substantially as described.

20. In a device of the class described, the combination with a movingmember thereof, of switching mechanism adapted to be controlled by theposition of said member, an electric motor for driving said movingmember, reverse mechanism controlled by said switching mechanism forcausing a reciprocation of said moving member, means for causing theforward and reverse speeds to differ from each other, and means wherebythe electric motor is gradually connected with a supply-current,substantially as described.

21. In a device of the class described, the combination with a movingmember thereof, of switching mechanism adapted to be controlled by theposition of said member, an electric motor for driving said movingmember, reverse mechanism controlled by said switching mechanism forcausing a reciprocation of said moving member, means for causing theforward and reverse speeds to differ from each other, and rheostatmechanisni controlled by said switching mechanism whereby said mot-ormay be gradually connected with a supply-circuit, substantially asdescribed.

In witness whereof I hereunto subscribe my name this 14th day ofFebruary, A. D. 1903.

DUGALD O. J AOKSON.

Witnesses:

HARVEY L. HANSON, CHARLES J. SCHMIDT.

